Drying herbs in the sun may seem like the most natural, old-fashioned way to preserve them — and in many cultures, it’s still the go-to method. But not all herbs respond well to direct sunlight, and if done improperly, sun drying can lead to loss of flavor, color, and potency.
In this guide, you’ll learn when and how to sun-dry herbs safely, which herbs respond well to sunlight, which don’t, and how to avoid the most common mistakes beginners make.
What Is Sun Drying?
Sun drying is a traditional method that uses the heat and airflow of the natural environment to remove moisture from herbs. It’s energy-free, simple, and requires minimal equipment.
But there’s a catch: sunlight degrades essential oils — the compounds that give herbs their flavor and aroma. So while sun drying is effective for certain herbs, it’s not the best method for all.
Pros and Cons of Sun Drying Herbs
Pros:
- No electricity or tools required
- Fast in hot, dry climates
- Ideal for large harvests
- Easy for beginners with outdoor space
Cons:
- Direct sun can fade color and damage flavor oils
- Doesn’t work well in humid weather
- Attracts dust, bugs, or birds
- Requires daytime monitoring
Is Sun Drying Right for You?
Ask yourself the following:
- Do you live in a hot, dry, low-humidity climate?
- Do you have an outdoor area with good airflow?
- Are you drying woody herbs rather than soft-leaf herbs?
If yes, sun drying may be a good fit. If not, consider air drying in the shade or using a dehydrator.
Best Herbs for Sun Drying
Sun drying is most suitable for sturdy, oil-rich herbs that resist browning and retain their aroma even with sun exposure.
Herbs That Sun Dry Well:
| Herb | Why It Works Well |
|---|---|
| Rosemary | Tough leaves, strong oils |
| Thyme | Small leaves, fast drying |
| Oregano | Bold flavor, resists fading |
| Sage | Durable leaves, earthy aroma |
| Bay leaves | Thick texture, long drying time |
| Marjoram | Light but resistant to wilting |
Avoid sun drying delicate herbs like basil, mint, parsley, cilantro, or chives, as they are prone to browning and flavor loss.
Step-by-Step: How to Sun Dry Herbs
What You’ll Need:
- Fresh herbs (washed and dried)
- Wire rack, mesh screen, or baking tray
- Cheesecloth or breathable cover
- Outdoor table or sunny windowsill
- Optional: bricks, stones, or a drying frame
Step 1: Harvest at the Right Time
- Pick herbs mid-morning once dew has dried but before sun is harsh.
- Harvest just before flowering, when oils are at their peak.
Step 2: Rinse and Pre-Dry
- Rinse gently under cool water to remove dirt or bugs.
- Pat dry thoroughly with a towel.
- Let air-dry on a cloth for 30–60 minutes to remove surface moisture.
Step 3: Lay Herbs in a Single Layer
- Arrange herbs in one layer on a wire rack or screen.
- Keep stems and leaves from overlapping.
- Elevate the tray for airflow underneath.
Step 4: Choose the Right Spot
- Place the tray in direct sun, but protected from wind and animals.
- Good options: balcony, rooftop, or a bright, open courtyard.
- Avoid placing on concrete or metal surfaces that reflect excess heat.
Step 5: Cover Lightly
- Use cheesecloth or a fine mesh net to protect herbs from dust and insects.
- Do not use plastic — it traps moisture and heat.
Step 6: Monitor Daily
- Herbs will dry in 1–3 days, depending on sunlight and humidity.
- Turn leaves once a day to ensure even drying.
- Bring indoors at night to avoid dew buildup.
Step 7: Test for Dryness
- Leaves should crumble easily, and stems should snap cleanly.
- If herbs are bendy or darkened, they’re not fully dry.
Tips for Best Results
- Don’t rush: let herbs dry fully before storing. Partial drying leads to mold.
- Avoid windy days unless herbs are well-secured.
- Don’t crowd trays — airflow is essential.
- Check weather: unexpected rain or humidity can ruin a batch.
- If herbs start turning brown, move them to indirect light or finish indoors.
How to Store Sun-Dried Herbs
Once fully dried:
- Strip leaves from stems (optional).
- Store herbs whole for maximum shelf life.
- Use airtight jars or tins — avoid plastic containers.
- Keep in a cool, dark place, away from heat and moisture.
- Label with name and drying date.
Shelf Life of Sun-Dried Herbs
With proper storage, most sun-dried herbs will retain their flavor for:
| Herb Type | Best Quality Duration |
|---|---|
| Woody herbs | 12–24 months |
| Fragile herbs | 6–9 months |
Check aroma and color before each use. If scent is gone or herbs are pale, it’s time to replace.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
| Mistake | Why It’s a Problem |
|---|---|
| Leaving herbs in sun too long | Fades color, burns essential oils |
| Stacking herbs | Causes uneven drying and mold |
| Using plastic wrap or foil | Traps heat and moisture — may rot herbs |
| Drying in humid weather | Slows drying; increases mold risk |
| Not covering with mesh | Invites bugs or dust contamination |
Final Thoughts
Sun drying herbs is simple, sustainable, and effective — if done under the right conditions. For those in dry, warm climates, it’s a time-tested technique that yields excellent results for sturdy herbs like rosemary, thyme, and sage.
But it’s not the best method for all herbs. For softer, delicate leaves, consider air-drying in the shade or using a dehydrator to preserve flavor and color.
If you do choose sun drying, remember: thin layers, good airflow, protection from pests, and close monitoring are the keys to success.
FAQs
Can I sun-dry herbs indoors on a windowsill?
Yes — if your window gets direct sunlight and the room is dry and well-ventilated. Use a mesh tray for airflow.
What herbs should not be sun-dried?
Avoid sun-drying basil, mint, parsley, cilantro, and chives. These herbs are too delicate and lose oils quickly in direct heat.
How do I know if herbs are fully dry?
Leaves should crumble easily and stems should snap cleanly. If still soft or bendy, they need more time.
Is it safe to dry herbs in the sun if the temperature is very high?
Yes, but avoid scorching. If temperatures exceed 95°F (35°C) in direct sunlight, consider partial shade or shorter exposure.
What can I use if I don’t have a mesh tray?
You can use a baking rack, screen window panel, or even a tightly woven basket. Just ensure airflow and avoid non-breathable surfaces.